explain the differences in propositions of fact, value, and policy.
use oral argumentation in a variety of settings.
gather evidence from a variety of sources.
participate in a debate.
use logic to reason clearly.
Strand
1. Argumentation defined
Claim + warrant = argument
Propositions for argumentation
Propositions of fact
Propositions of value
Propositions of policy
2. Use of proof in argumentation
Evidence
Evaluating evidence
Evaluation of evidence source
Evaluation of evidence content
Fact vs. opinion
Causal vs. descriptive evidence
Gathering evidence
Use of evidence in debates
Burden of proof
Burden of proving
Burden of presumption
Logic
Aristotle's logical guidelines
Types of reasoning
Inductive
Deductive
Use of logic to expose fallacies
Activities
Take notes and watch videos of several types of
argumentation situations (a business organization meeting, a
trial, a legislative debate, a political debate).
Using newspapers and newscasts, students write
propositions of fact, value, and policy.
Divide students into groups of two or four and have
them prepare and present debates using propositions of policy or
value which were written in the classroom.
Have all class members view classroom debates or video
tapes of debates and judge the debates to determine the outcome.
Have students prepare and debate national high school
policy and Lincoln/Douglas topics.
Framework
3.1.10 Summarize and paraphrase ideas of others.
3.1.15 Talk about current events.
3.1.23 Work collaboratively to generate ideas and solve problems.
3.1.24 Express and logically defend one's ideas.
3.1.26 Participate in interviews, discussions and/or debates.
