1. The ________ strongly influences the other three "spheres" because without life their

     makeups and natures would be much different,
a. atmosphere          

     b. hydrosphere              

     c. solid Earth                 

     d. biosphere

2. Earth science attempts to relate our planet to the larger universe by investigating the science of________.

     a. geology                                

     b. oceanography

     c. meteorology      

     d. astronomy

3. The science that studies the processes that produce weather and climate is ________.

     a. geology

     b. oceanography

     c. meteorology    

     d. astronomy

4. The global ocean covers _________ percent of Earth's surface.

     a. 71

     b. 38

     c. 42                                        

     d. 65

5. A scientific-________ is a preliminary untested explanation which tries to explain how or why things happen in the manner observed.

     a. estimate

     b. law

     c. fact

     d. hypothesis

6. The Earth "sphere," called the ________, includes the fresh water found in streams,
lakes, glaciers, as well as that existing underground,
a. atmosphere

     b. hydrosphere

     c. biosphere

     d. solid Earth

7. The science that includes the study of the composition and movements of seawater, as well as coastal processes, sea floor topography, and marine life is _________.

     a. geology

     b. oceanography

     c. meteorology    

     d. astronomy

8. Which one of the following is NOT an example of a nonrenewable resource?

     a. solar energy

     b. natural gas

     c. aluminum

     d. coal

9. An understanding of Earth is essential for ________.

     a. location and recovery of basic resources

     b. minimizing the effects of natural hazards

     c. dealing with the human impact on the environment

     d. all the above

l0.This science is divided into two broad divisions—physical and historical.

     a. geology

     b. oceanography

     c. meteorology    

     d. astronomy

11. The conditions that surround and influence an organism are referred to as the ________.

     a. resource

     b. social sphere

     c. technosphere             

     d. environment

12. Which one of the following is NOT an example of a renewable resource?

     a. water energy

     b. lumber

     c. iron

     d. cotton

13. In scientific inquiry, when competing hypotheses have been eliminated, a hypothesis may be elevated to the status of a scientific ________.

     a. estimate

     b. theory

     c. truth

     d. understanding

14. The science whose name literally means "study of Earth" is ________.

     a. geology

     b. oceanography

     c. meteorology       

     d. astronomy

15. Scientific advancements can be made ________.

     a. by applying systematic steps

     b. by accepting purely theoretical ideas which stand up to extensive investigation

     c. from unexpected happenings during an experiment

     d. all the above

16. Earth is approximately ____________ billion years old.

     a. 2.5

     b. 3.0

     c. 4.6

     d. 6.2

Answers

  1. d

  2. d

  3. c

  4. a

  5. d

  6. b

  7. b

  8. a

  9. d

10. a

11. d

12. c

13. b

14. a

15. d

16. c